Afrasianet - Subhi Ghandour - It would be a mistake to put all the Arab popular uprisings that took place over a decade in a basket, and then back them up. The criterion is not only the existence of a popular movement or a policy of opposition to governments, but the basis for seeing any of them is to question the clarity of the purpose of these uprisings, the identity of those responsible for them, and then the methods used to achieve the desired goal. Since the beginning of the Tunisian revolution in late 2010, and later in several Arab countries, the importance of the required synergy between the "objective, style and leadership" trilogy in any movement of change or popular revolution has been confirmed, and that the fate of these uprisings and their consequences will depend on the safety of these three elements. together. Political change, and the realization of constitutional, economic and social reforms in Arab societies, is desirable and required by all Arabs, but about any change we talk and who will change and how .. What is the desired alternative? What are its effects on the role of these countries and their foreign policies ..? All these questions have not been answered clearly in most of the Arab uprisings, although they are very important to understand what has happened and happening important developments in the Arab region for almost a decade.
Also, the problem with these uprisings is that the standards are not the same among the Arabs as a whole.It is true that they are uprisings occurring on the Arab land and leave their effects on the whole region, but what is a popular Arab standard for supporting this revolution or that may differ from the standard of the people of the country itself. Most Arabs, for example, welcomed the Egyptian January revolution in 2011, hoping to conclude an Egyptian foreign policy imposed by the Camp David agreement that did not reflect Egypt and its people and its historic leadership role, while the most important criterion for the Egyptian people in the January revolution was internal issues; The former, the resulting social injustice, and the absence of a healthy democratic society.
Arab change movements take place on fragmented Arab land, which is reflected in the nature of governments and the conditions of opposition. They are also taking place in a region where many regional and international forces, with their own agendas, want to make "changes" in their interests. Uprisings After lean years, divisive, sectarian and ethnic instincts have been unleashed along Arab soil, from the Atlantic Ocean to its Arabian Gulf. Perhaps the most important in the circumstances of these uprisings, and the surrounding projects, is the presence of Israel itself and its active role in the countries of the region (since the founding of Israel) in order to ignite internal strife and destroy the existing Arab entities in favor of the project of religious and ethnic states, in addition to the continued marginalization of Arab and international To the Palestinian cause and to weaken the phenomena of resistance to the Israeli occupation.
If any state means a combination of (governance, people and land), the important question, which is posed to the variables in any of the Arab countries, is: How to govern, for any people, on any land? !! Note that no matter how different the nature of government, the decisiveness is first and foremost for the unity of this people and the freedom and unity of this land.
Despite all this, change is taking place in the Arab region, due to the accumulation of events in quantity and quality in this region, but the central question is: change in which direction? Is it about more bad, deterioration and division, or will change be in response to the needs and requirements of the Arab street to build a better society ?!
This is the inevitable correlation between purpose and style in any process of change, as is the shared responsibility of different generations. Neither the "old generation" is exempt from the responsibility of the future, nor the "new generation" is innocent of the responsibility of the present. Both have a shared responsibility for both the present and the future.
The current Arab reality does not find the right balance, or the required correlation, between the demand for "democracy and justice", between "concern for liberation, national unity and Arab identity", and "rejection of violence and all forms of foreign intervention." The standard of positive change required throughout the Arab region is the extent to which these slogans and methods are achieved together!
The reality of the Arab situation is now based on a mixture of fears of fear at home with glimmers of hope from peoples. What has happened and is happening inside the Arab nation from its brightness to the Maghreb, and deep in Africa, is an important indication of the type and magnitude of the issues that have ravaged for decades, and still, the Arab land. They all emphasize the interdependence between internal situations and external interventions, between social and economic concerns and the corruption of political governments, between national internal weakness and foreign interests in meddling in the affairs of Arab countries.
Perhaps the most important lesson of these overlapping Arab issues now is to affirm the universal meaning of the concept of "freedom" as freedom is the freedom of the nation and the freedom of the citizen together, and one can not be accepted as a substitute for the other. There is also a correlation between political and social freedoms. There is no separation between securing a "living" and freedom of "election ticket". And how great is the tragedy when some countries suffer from the lack of all the implications of the concept of freedom, or when they have the presence of governments that achieve "fear and hunger" together for their oppressed peoples!
It was a common feature of several Arab countries in the last century that their people succeeded in resisting the colonizer and the occupier and then their leaders failed to build a sound internal constitutional situation. The battles of national liberation were not the gateway to building free societies in which political and social justice and popular participation in governance and decision-making were achieved. For this reason, these countries have returned to the problem of how to deal with the issues of freedom of the homeland and the freedom of the citizen together.
Dealing with the negative aspects of the current Arab reality, and working to find positive alternatives, requires first identifying a set of concepts related to identity and multiple affiliations of the Arab human being, and the inevitable relationship between the freedom of the homeland and the freedom of the citizen, and a correct understanding of citizenship and the relationship with the "other", and in the desired correlation between the national leadership is not dependent And among the sound goals of the SPLM leaders supposed to be peaceful and nonviolent.
The issue is not only to raise slogans and chant slogans, but also how to preserve the unity of the social fabric in each country, and to ensure that the path of political, economic and social reforms will not pass through the tunnel of civil conflicts or the fragmentation of countries or subject to foreign control !.
The entire Arab region really needs constitutional, economic and social reforms. The whole region needs political and social justice. The whole region needs effective and proper popular participation in government and its decision. But all this is happening and will happen on unstable territory, neither unified nor free from various forms of foreign domination and regional intervention. This brings us back to the responsibility of the forces of change and the Arab opposition, and to the extent that they are alerted not to be a means to serve the goals and interests other than the goals and interests of their people. This was the problem in the past, when these forces were unable to build themselves properly: thought, style and leadership, deliberately or unintentionally contributed to the service of corrupt and unjust governments and rulers and prolonged the reign of their rule, which made the spark of change start from outside these forces, and from the Arab youth who need Originally due to sound intellectual and political patronage, he himself made a sound change in more than one Arab country.
Of course, sound "methods" should not be a ride to improper objectives, projects and leaders, which steal the sacrifices of the movement of Arab youth and repeat the previous changes in the Arab region, which took place through some military coups or armed militias and then become worse than the previous ones. Of reality.
It would be preferable if accompanied by any nonviolent Arab change movement or any peaceful Arab popular movement, clarity in the objectives, in the programs of action, and in the identity and nature of the leaders, which may constitute a minimum level of reassurance required by the general public, and prevent the diversion of things and objectives from the original path desired Proper change is not the same as anyone who fishes in the sea and does not know what its network will contain in a while. Hunger hunger alone is not the norm!
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